SS-31, also known as elamipretide, is a synthetic aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide that interacts with cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It has been studied in laboratory models involving mitochondrial structure, cellular bioenergetics, oxidative-stress signaling, and ATP-production pathways.
Structure: C-terminally amidated, 4-amino-acid synthetic peptide
Amino-Acid Sequence: D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH₂ (Dmt = 2′,6′-dimethyltyrosine)
Molecular Formula: C₃₂H₄₉N₉O₅ (free-peptide form)
Molecular Weight: Approximately 639.8 g/mol
Research Focus: Cardiolipin interactions, mitochondrial signaling, cellular bioenergetics, and oxidative-stress pathways
Research Use Only: Not intended for human or veterinary use.